A health needs assessment of a community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

A health needs assessment of a community - Essay Example Hounslow is the ninth largest borough in London with an area of twenty two square miles. Chiswick lies to the east and Bedfont to the west. The borough has one thousand two hundred and thirty eight hectares of open space in the form of seventy four parks and recreation centres. The rivers Thames, Brent, Crane, Longford and Duke of Northumberland run through the borough. Hounslow has been historically related to transportation and related services. Hounslow has hotels and guest houses that serve passengers travelling via the Heathrow Airport, located nearby. The Hounslow residential area caters to diverse tastes. It has parks, nature reserves, leisure centres, a pedestrianised high street, facilities for shopping and entertainment, and theatres for lovers of drama, music and comedy. The town centre offers amenities such as the Treaty Center, cafes and the local library around the high street. The economy of Hounslow has been benefited by redevelopment around the region, especially by the creation of new business parks in Chiswick and Bedfont. This has attracted media, pharmaceuticals and technology companies to the borough, besides existing businesses such as GlaxoSmithKline and BSkyB. Residents are employed in the airport supply chain, in industries such as retail, catering, freight, transport, logistics and security. 212,341 people were living in Hounslow in 2001. 104,239 were males and 108,102 were females. The population density (per person hectares) was 37.93. 99.14 percent of the people were living in households. 6.71 percent of the people were less than 4 years old. 12.6 percent of the people were in the age group 10-19. 58.88 percent of the people were in the age group 20-59. The mean age of the population was 35.42 years. The median age of the population was 33 years. 166,863 people aged 16 and over in households. 53.2 percent of these were living in a couple. Among 168,609 people aged 16 and over, 37.7

Malham Field UK Essay Example for Free

Malham Field UK Essay Malham field is very vast piece of land situated the northern eastern of the England. It lies within the Yorkshire part of England. The region has wide variations of geographical features which contribute to the attractiveness of the region as centre of tourism attraction. The region has therefore been a region of great importance in the development of geographical learning and other linked course such as agricultures, tourism as well as fishing. (Raistrick, 1972) The geology The Malham field is a region famous of geological activities. One of the most famous geological activities in the sites lies with the presence of limestone features of their own uniqueness. The place is well known because of the wide variety of features, however, the site has is deeply significant in geological work through the understanding of limestone. Generally, Malham is speculated to be a region of useful limestone minerals. The region has been of unique shape which is attributed to the endowment of limestone. The presence of the limestone of the nature of KARST in this portion of land has led to the spectacular landscape. (O’Connor 1964): Due to the nature of limestone present, the region experiences underground drainage more often rather than surface drainage and run offs. Therefore, like in many other areas where KARST occurs, the underground drainage forms a main feature in the region. The presence of limestone in region makes it possible in the formation of different geographical feature. These physical geographical features formed in the region depend on the chemical properties of calcium carbonate. The rocks are readily dissolved by rainwater. As result of this kind of rock the cover the land, the reactions of the rock with rainwater leads to the formation of sinkholes. Usually, sinkholes which are salient features in the regions occur with surface water disappearing underground hence leaving behind dry valleys and stream less. The nature of the rock in the area also prevents ease formation of the soils. The rock has very high rate of dissolving which renders the processes of soils formation quite impossible. While soils are not easily formed on soluble rocks, then the place has vast lands with bare rocks. In addition to bare rocks, other common salient features in the regions includes crags and pavements Figure 1 The figure above shows the presence of several feature found in the region. Bare rock s and other features are clearly indicated. Scree slopes and crags are shown in the figure with varying ways. This figure was retrieve from http://www. malhamdale. com/geology. htm on 21 February, 2009 Landforms and soils The part of Malham has several features which are formed through different activities. There are two major activities which are involved in the formation of the various landforms in the region. Perhaps, there are three most distinct ways in which these features are attained. One of these is the glaciations process which is believed to have taken place during the era of ice ages. The place of Malham is said to have been covered with glaciers at about 15000 years ago. The sheet of ice that covered Malham glaciated leading to scoured and modified KARST landscape. This made the place to come to be referred to as GLACIOKARST landscape. The process led to the formation of limestone pavement with exposed rocks to the element of the environment. (Burek et al,1998) The figure 2 below shows an example of limestone pavement. Retrieved from http://www. malhamdale. com/cove. htm on 21 February, 2009 The figure above shows a Malham cove which is said to be an inspiration to numerous art and literature work. The Malham cove is a huge shaped cliff formed of limestone rock. The top of the cove is covered by classical limestone pavement. The high of the vertical face of the cliff is 260 feet. The cove is deeply eroded at the top. (Muir 1991) The other kind of features and landscapes can result through erosion and solution processes. Generally, these processes are likely to create feature of tourism attraction such as the Gordale Scar. This is a huge gorge that existed since the ice ages in which water melted forming a cavern that gradually collapsed resulting to waterfall and a gorge (Sweeting, 1972) Vegetation and drainage The Malham part has mostly underground drainage system. This is because the rock allows the formation of such systems more easily than any other drainage systems. Most of the rivers in this region remain as dry river bed due to percolation of the surface water from the surface. Most rivers become surface drainage systems only with heavy rainfall. Despite that the region has several underground water systems; the Malham tarn is salient feature within the region. While most of the drainage systems are naturally salty, the Malham Tarn system has been very significant in the provision of freshwater. The Malham tarn lake draws off its contents to the small stream of Malham water. This system of the Malham water enters to the limestone where it disappears at water sinks. The system continues with its course by adopting the common way of underground channel before it reappears at the Airehead Springs in the southern part of Malham. (Smith and Atkinson, 1977) Figure 3 Malham Tarn lake drainage system This is the famous largest freshwater lake in the United Kingdom Climate The region of Malham experiences four climatic seasons in a year. However, there has been some change in the recent times which is not only being experienced in this region but is a matter that is causing an alarm allover the world. The Malham region is being affected by the global warming process which is taking place in whole world. The winter season is portrayed to have the extreme of temperature increase, implying that there is the least frost and ground air at such a time. During the summer period, the amount of rainfall is more or less that received during the winter time. However, there has a tendency of drier summers and wetter winters in the past few decades. (Manley, 1979)

Science vs Aging Essay -- Research Papers Essays

Science vs Aging Thesis Statement: Health care and science resources should be conservatively allocated to our aging population, focusing on providing quality to the aging years without draining assets in a reckless attempt to extend life. Introduction: The demographic projections in the United Sates are significant. Between 1982 and 2030 the median age will move from 30.6 to 40.8 years and the proportion of the population over 65 will go from 11.6 to 21.1 percent (Committee on the Aging Society, 1985). Persons over 85 are the fastest growing age group, 21 times more numerous than in 1900 (Callahan, 1995). This is also an international issue; by 2040 most developed countries will have 30 percent of their population over 60 (Hanson, 1994). These figures demand our attention on issues of aging. Most elderly need economic assistance and are significantly dependent on lower age groups. In the 1930's most of the elderly lived below the poverty line. Social Security helped reduce this figure to 15.7 percent by 1980. 80 year-olds receive 50% percent of their yearly income from social security (Committee on the Aging Society, 1985). The rest of their income often comes from pension plans or family funds. Elderly populations consume significantly more medical resources than other age groups. In 1984 elderly were 12% of our population, but consumed 31% of medical resources; by 2040 they are expected to consume 45 %. The Federal Government currently spends approximately $200 billion on health care for the elderly, which still only covers 67% of the expenditures. The remaining 33%, or $100 billion, must be covered by elderly and their families (Callahan, 1995). These economic expenditures have social conseq... ...the Aging Society. (1985). Aging America: Health in a Older Society. Washington DC: National Academic Press. 7. Finch, C. E. (1978). The Brain and Aging. In The Biology of Aging (pp.301-309). New York: Plenum Press. 8. Fries, James F. (1986). The Compression of Morbidity. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 61: 3, 347-355. 9. Hanson, Mark J. (1994). How we Treat the Elderly. Hastings Center Report, 24:5, 4-8. PMID: 8002311 10. Harley, Calvin B. (1996). Telomeres. In Encyclopedia of Gerontology (Vol. 2, pp. 539-543). Washington DC: Academic Press. 11. Kirkwood, T. B. (1977). Evolution of Aging. Nature, 270:2, 301-304. 12. May, William F. (1996). Testing the Medical Covenant. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans Publishing. 13. Moody, Henry H. (1994). Four Scenarios for an Aging Population. Hastings Center Report, 24:5, 32-34. PMID: 8002308

Causes of Russian Revolution

Introduction: Since revolutions are complex social and political upheavals, historians who write about them are bound to differ on the most basic questions–causes, revolutionary aims, impact on the society, political outcome, and even the time span of the revolution itself. In the case of the Russian Revolution, the starting-point presents no problem: almost everyone takes it to be the â€Å"February Revolution† of 1917, which led to the abdication of Nicholas II and the formation of the Provisional Government. But when did  the Russian Revolution  end? Was it all over by October 1917, when the Bolsheviks took power?Or did the end of the Revolution come with the Bolsheviks' victory in the Civil War in 1920? Was Stalin's â€Å"revolution from above† part of the Russian Revolution? Or should we take the view that the Revolution continued throughout the lifetime of the Soviet state? Russian Revolution, one of the major events that shaped world's future, overnigh t destroyed the existing society and replaced it with world's most radical social experiment ever seen. Although Russian Revolution is usually acknowledged as one revolution, it in fact consists of two different revolutions.The second one is called the Bolshevik Revolution. Causes of Russian Revolution: †¢ Dissatisfaction with Existing Conditions: The conditions in Russia were not optimistic. Not only was food scarce, the people were forced to pay heavy taxes and the gap between the peasants and the nobles was widening every day. Some people were also dissatisfied with the Tsar's autocratic rule and wanted him out to be replaced with a more democratic rule. Some felt that other powers were progressing faster than they were and that the Tsar should adopt some of their thinking.Moreover, of course, there were the communists, like the two groups, the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks. †¢ Russia's defeat in the Russo-Japanese War: Russia took on Japan in 1904, when Japan competed with them for Manchuria and Korea. The Russians were optimistic; as they were sure, their vast superiority of numbers would easily defeat the tiny Japan. But this was not to be. Japan, with their advanced technology destroyed the Russian Army, armed with their â€Å"primitive† weapons as compared to the Asians. This defeat was a great humiliation for Russia.The people lost confidence in the Tsar and the military. Russia, all along priding itself on military excellence, suddenly defeated by Japan. †¢ Bloody Sunday: On Sunday, 22nd January 1905, more than 200 000 workers, led by a priest of the church by the name of Father Gapon, took part in a peaceful demonstration in St. Petersburg (later known as Petrograd, and then Leningrad). They proceeded to the Winter Palace to present a petition to the Tsar regarding better working conditions, medical benefits and more freedom. They also wanted a parliament, or a Duma, to represent their views.The unarmed demonstrators were shot at by the Tsar's troops. There were many outbursts after that. Troops mutinied, peasants rose up and strikes emerged, all demanding that the Tsar create a Duma and more freedom. In the October Manifesto, the Tsar decided to form a Duma and allow more freedom of speech. This was the Tsar's real chance to improve people's lives by implementing reforms and increasing work condition standards. He could have employed the Duma well to gain him support and yet keep the people happy at the same time. Instead, he made a big mess out of everything.There were four Dumas within the span of 1906 and 1917, and the first three were changed due to the Tsar's selfishness and hunger for power. All four Dumas were powerless and did not really represent the people at all. †¢ Rasputin: So who IS Rasputin? Well, the story starts off with Alexis, Tsar Nicholas II's son. He suffered from haemophilia, where his blood was unable to clot after bleeding due to a lack of platelets in the blood. Rasputin cl aimed to be a holy monk from the remote wastelands of Siberia, and was able to use his â€Å"supernatural healing powers† to heal Alexis.Granted, Rasputin could ease some of Alexis' pain, but most of what he did seemed a scam. The Tsarina (the Tsar's wife) doted on her son and thus naturally treated the monk better. Rasputin abused his authority and replaced many ministers with his own family and friends, regardless of whether the previous ministers were good. Some of his decision in the country's administration were also foolish and led to many problems. This naturally led to people disliking Rasputin severely and thus blaming the Tsar for his trust in this incompetent person. †¢ World War I:This can be considered as one of the more important reasons for the revolution. Russia was, as we know, one of the most major powers in the world at that time. Up against a Germany that was being attacked from all sides, Russia expected a quick and decisive victory. In actual fact, Russia suffered a series of humiliating defeats. Tsar Nicholas II then decided to take matters into his own hands and take over as Commander in Chief. He went up to the battlefront to direct the battle, in the hope that his â€Å"brilliant tactics,† â€Å"marvellous manoeuvring† and â€Å"royal presence† would spur the army to victory.Sadly, this was not to be as his lack of military experience and inferior expertise devastated the Russian Army entirely, with the blame left on his shoulders. News of the large casualties and disappointing results of the campaign led to the people blaming the Tsar and losing even more trust in him as the weeks went by. When the Tsar was at the front, the Tsarina Alexandra was in charge of matters back in the capital. Under the influence of Rasputin (again), the Tsarina made many new changes to the administration and plunged the country into further crisis.Furthermore, the Tsarina was a German by birth, and incurred many people's w rath by doing so. The war effort was hampered greatly by many constant problems. These included shortages of ammunition and other supplies, an inefficient transportation and distributing system, incompetent military leadership, low morale and desertions, and high land losses and casualty rates. The war was financed through borrowing and printing money instead of raising taxes, as they felt that doing so would cause objections from the already-unhappy people.Wages did not keep pace with inflation, and Ukraine, the largest corn-producing area, was lost in the war. The inefficient railway system was unable to distribute food efficiently. Most of the young men went to fight for the army, leaving the women and elderly to do the work on farms. Additionally, corn prices were fixed, but clothes prices were rising. Many peasants had to go into factories to work. Lousy living conditions made things even worse. Course of Russian Revolution: †¢ It all sparked of when the government held ta lks with some sea-workers.The workers were asking for better work conditions and pay. However, the talks failed and the workers mutinied. †¢ Furthermore, a few days ago it was International Women's Day, where many women gathered to protest against the food scarcity facing them in Russia. †¢ On the day of the revolution itself, many people went on strikes and riots, effectively paralysing more than half of Petrograd. †¢ Soldiers, too, fought half-heartedly as they believed that the government was ineffective. †¢ The people clamoured for a change in the administration, which the Tsar refused to give.Most of the soldiers then joined the strikes, with only a handful of patrols still remaining loyal to the Tsar. †¢ The Duma, desperate for peace and change, forced the Tsar to make a decision immediately – change the administration or pass on power. The Tsar decided to abdicate in favour of his brother, Grand Duke Michael. The Grand Duke refused the throne, and the Duma formed a democratic Provisional Government on a temporary basis, thus ending the reign of the Romanov monarchy. Causes of Bolshevik Revolution: †¢ Failure of the Provisional Government:The Provisional Government was only a temporary government meant to take care of the empire until it could hold elections for a Constituent Assembly which would draw up a constitution for Russia. However, it was not confident enough of itself to implement mass reforms and such, as it was not elected, but self-appointed and temporary. After the revolution, many people expected democracy and an elected parliament. However, the Provisional Government delayed the elections and this lost them a lot of support. They claimed that so many people were away fighting that it was not possible to hold elections.While this was going on, so was the war. While the war-weary people wanted the war to end, the Provisional Government felt that victory would boost morale. However, more defeats meant that hundreds of soldiers deserted and more support lost. The people wanted many reforms, most importantly land reforms, as the majority of the population – the peasants, wanted the lands of the aristocrats. However, the reluctant and wary government, as mentioned earlier, did not want to do so in order to consolidate their position first.The government also inherited the problems of the Tsar's, as they had to face inflation and food shortages. The government was also humiliated many times by their own inability to deal with problems. In the cities, workers formed groups called the Petrograd Soviet, a form of workers' union. The Petrograd Soviet called upon all soldiers to obey them, and thus the government became reliant on them. This can be seen in the example of the Kornilov incident, where the rogue commander-in-chief Kornilov turned on the government with his troops.The government had to turn to the Petrograd Soviet for help, and they promptly replied with their own forces, known as the Red Guard, by driving away Kornilov and his troops quickly. †¢ The Appeal of the Bolshevik Party: The Bolsheviks were one of the communist parties in Russia at that time. Their leader was a man known as Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, and was a great fan of Marx's. He had been influenced by Marx's socialist writings and wished to transform Russia into the ideal communist state. He was originally exiled from Russia during monarchical reign, but returned to Russia in April 1917.At this time, the Provisional Government had freed political prisoners and loosened up their hold on the press. The Okhrana was also disbanded. All this made it easier for Lenin to carry out his revolutionary activities. He was able to organise the party better with party communities all over Russia and in the army. At the same time, Lenin found a talent in a person called Leon Trotsky. Trotsky used to be on the side of the Mensheviks, another communist group but was more on the side of taking things s lower and not having a revolution so early. Trotsky however opposed this view and joined the Bolsheviks instead.Lenin found that Trotsky was highly capable, both in speaking and in military expertise. He entrusted Trotsky with the job of organising the Bolshevik troops, the Red Army. He also found some qualities in a man called Joseph Stalin. Although less capable than Trotsky in speaking, he was reliable and not so flamboyant. Stalin took charge of the party newspaper,  Pravda (Truth), which spread Bolshevik propaganda and news. Lenin often made speeches to the people. He told them about his ideas for Russia, encapsulated in three basic points: â€Å"Peace, Bread and Land. Not only that, he also opposed the government violently and wanted the immediate transfer of power to the Bolsheviks. This, and the Bolshevik slogan, made them so appealing that they gained power so rapidly and the government's hold on Russia began to slide. The slogan of â€Å"Peace† was probably the m ost attractive offer to the Russian people. Almost everybody wanted the war to stop, as it had dragged on for too long. The devastated economy and dwindling food supplies were all caused by the war, and people wished to return to their lives, just as before the war.Lenin knew this and aptly used this as a slogan for his campaign. Being the only party which constantly opposed the continuation of the war, the Bolsheviks attracted many supporters. The â€Å"Bread† problem was not being met by the government, but the Bolsheviks promised that they would deal with it. Lenin promised to provide the people with sufficient food, and the starving population turned to him for help. â€Å"Land† was another point well handled by Lenin. Most peasants were furious with the government and the landowners for not giving the peasants a chance to earn their own money with their own land.Lenin, however, in accordance with the communist ideology, promised that the landowners' property would be split up and distributed equally, naturally attracting mass support from the majority of the population. As Lenin's support grew, and membership increased tenfold in 8 months, so did dissatisfaction with the government. In July, during a period known as the â€Å"July Days,† a political crisis erupted as soldiers in Petrograd refused to go to the front and sailors joined the workers in anti-government demonstrations. These people were mostly Bolshevik supporters, and these riots were no doubt sparked off by party instigators.However, they were delivered a crushing defeat when the government managed to suppress the demonstrations and arrested a few leading Bolsheviks. Lenin himself was shot twice in the chest from close range, but survived to escape to Finland. However, this event goes to show that the Bolsheviks were gaining a lot of support and would soon be able to take power. Course of Bolshevik Revolution: †¢ Trotsky did the detailed organisation of the Bolshevik revolution. He planned very systematically the seizure of important government buildings and strategic locations by the Red Army. The government knew very well that a revolution was being planned, but were so inefficient and disorganised that they could do nothing about it. †¢ In the end, Lenin returned to Russia on the 23rd of October and thus, the Bolshevik Revolution began. †¢ Trotsky and the Red Army began by getting the support of the Petrograd garrison, and together they seized important railway stations, the telephone exchange and bridges. †¢ They met with no resistance all the way from the Smolny Institute where the Bolshevik headquarters was, to the Winter Palace. †¢ There, the few remaining loyal troops were defending the Palace bravely. However, their resistance collapsed quickly as the  Aurora  fired warning shots (some people say its guns were too pathetic to even reach the walls of the Palace). †¢ Government members were arrested and the h ead, Alexander Kerensky, escaped. †¢ By the 26th of that month, the Bolsheviks had taken Petrograd. After another month, they controlled Russia. The reason why the Bolsheviks were so successful was because other groups like the Social Revolutionaries and the Mensheviks were hesitant in leading a revolution after February. They were willing to work together with the Provisional Government for the good of the people.The Bolsheviks, branding them as traitors, eventually used this cooperative mentality against them. Not only that, they also supported the government in their continuation of the war, and this worked against them too. All this brought the Bolsheviks support from many workers and soldiers in Moscow and Petrograd. However, the Bolsheviks did not have the full support of ALL people in Russia. It was Lenin's and the Bolshevik's task to extend and maintain their control over the vast empire they had inherited. Conclusion: When there is proliferation of crime, poverty and m ass discrimination, people of the nation rebel.Although the people of Russia didn't have a say in the political issues, they didn't protest. However, once they became deprived of their economical rights, along with the assiduous wars, their wrath grew. It grew to such an extend that it overthrew the monarch of a dynasty that has been ruling for over 300 yrs. But Russian Revolution is an classic example that people have the supreme power for the Russians overthrew the administration of the nation, not once; but two times in a span of 3 yrs (although the suffering had been since 19th century). Bibliography/ Acknowledgements: †¢ Google Images http://www. factmonster. com/encyclopedia/history/russian-revolution-causes. html †¢ http://www. bbc. co. uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/russia/longtermcausesrev1. shtml †¢ http://answers. yahoo. com/question/index? qid=20110317174148AA2efvO †¢ http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Russian_Revolution †¢ http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Bolshevik †¢ http://europeanhistory. about. com/od/russiaandukraine/a/Causes-Of-The-Russian-Revolution. htm †¢ http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=2WxNQLr2dKA †¢ http://history1900s. about. com/od/Russian-Revolution/a/Russian-Revolution-Timeline. htm

Health and Safety in the Workplace Essay

* The wiring can be temperamental, the hot water system is often not working and the canteen is in a basement room with no external lighting or windows. There are only 3 toilets in the building and these are also situated on the lower ground floor, near to the canteen. The Workplace (Health, Safety & Welfare) Regulations 1992 state that in reference to lighting; â€Å"Every workplace shall have suitable and sufficient lighting. Where it is practicable, the lighting shall be by natural light. Suitable and sufficient emergency lighting shall be provided.† To mend the lighting issue in the canteen, sufficient lighting would need to be provided & maintained otherwise the company would be breaching these regulations. These regulations also state that in regards to temperature in the workplace; â€Å"should be reasonable for indoor workplaces. There should be a sufficient number of thermometers provided to allow checking of temperature.† With the hot water system failing to function at all times it is required; the temperature should be monitored carefully & should ideally be replaced with one that is reliable. The toilets in the canteen area will need to be well lit as well, but also very well ventilated with a high quantity of fresh air. The Workplace (Health, Safety & Welfare) Regulations 1992 state that three bathrooms are required for between 26– 50 employees, if there are more employees then additional WC facilities will be required. Also, There must be hot and cold water, soap, and either electric hand dryers or towels provided. The Electricity at Work Act 1989 states that within the work place, those responsible must; â€Å"Have their electrical systems constructed in a way that prevents danger. This includes testing all new equipment to ensure that it is safe. Maintain their electrical systems correctly to prevent danger. Have repaired or closed any electrical system that causes danger.† The electrical system is temperamental & will need to be repaired & in some areas perhaps replaced to keep up to the standards that The Electricity at Work Act 1989 requires. * The lift has been out of service for some considerable time and the computers are constantly breaking down. The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 states that any equipment provided must be â€Å"maintained and kept in good working order† therefore the computers & the lift are not meeting these regulations as they are continuously breaking down or in the case of the lift, not working at all. They must either be replaced or repaired so that they are available for use by all people within the building. The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 also say, with regards to the lift, that where manual handling is unavoidable, they should be mechanised with the use of trolleys, lifts and hoists. So if any lifting tasks were to occur, the lift should be available to use as it is already in place. * None of the air conditioning units are working and none of the windows open. All files that need to be kept are stored under the stairs on each of the different floors. The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 say that a minimum temperature of 16 °C should be maintained in an area of normal physical activity & there should be a good number of thermometers positioned at above 0.5m off the ground to display the room temperature. There is no maximum temperature for a workplace however these regulations state that the workplace should be comfortable and reasonable. The Workplace (Health, Safety & Welfare) Regulations 1992 also say that â€Å"the supply of fresh air should not normally be below 5-8 litres per second, per occupant† so the fact that the air conditioning units don’t function & the windows do not open breach these regulations entirely & should be repaired or replaced immediately. With the files of the company being stored under the stairs, the company could well be breaching the rules of The Data Protection Act 1998 which states that information stored about people cannot be accessed by a third party without their knowledge. The inadequate storage below each of the stairs is not secure & therefore anyone within the building could access them. The Statutory duties of employers and employees relating to health, safety and welfare as set out by the government says that the employer must explicitly provide arrangements for ensuring safe means of handling, use, storage and transport of articles and substances. All files being stored under the stairs does definitely not provide a safe means of storing documents so an alternative organisational system should be used for the company’s files. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 also sets out to â€Å"protect people at work† & â€Å"to protect people not at work from those who are†, the files could pose a trip hazard to employees & people visiting the building, another reason for an alternative storage system to be implemented. * The offices are cleaned on a weekly basis, but all the cleaning products are kept in the canteen near the emergency exit. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) is the law that requires employers to control substances that are hazardous to health[1] & not storing the cleaning products safely & securely if they contain any harmful ingredients (which many cleaning products do) breaches the regulations set out. You can prevent or reduce workers exposure to hazardous substances by: * finding out what the health hazards are; * deciding how to prevent harm to health (risk assessment[2]); * providing control measures to reduce harm to health; * making sure they are used ; * keeping all control measures in good working order; * providing information, instruction and training for employees and others; * providing monitoring and health surveillance in appropriate cases; * planning for emergencies. If the cleaning products have always been stored by the emergency exit, then the company are in breach of The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 as they have failed to identify that there is a risk to its employees & have obviously failed to conduct a thorough risk assessment. With the cleaning products obstructing the emergency exit, The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 states that â€Å"clear fire instructions should be displayed in all buildings; escape routes should be clearly signposted and free from obstruction†. The cleaning products being stored there are a direct violation of this & they should be removed then stored safely & securely. * The majority of photocopiers are out of action on each of the floors; this means that all staff have to go to the 5th floor to get good quality copies. The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 states that any equipment provided must be â€Å"maintained and kept in good working order†, the unusable photocopiers breach these regulations & must be repaired or replaced. The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 state â€Å"to avoid the need for employees to undertake any manual handling operations at work which involve a risk of their being injured†. Under the Regulations, a suitable and sufficient risk assessment of all manual handling operations should be carried out to quantify the risks and put suitable guidance and support in place to make sure risks are kept to a minimum. The employer is also expected to train staff where necessary in the correct way to manually lift and handle objects. The employer has done neither, so to prevent accidents occurring, the employer should implement these immediately. * On your first day at the new office, one of the receptionists, who is due to go on maternity leave in the next two weeks; falls down the stairs (after having done a large amount of photocopying) and breaks her leg, her arm and her collarbone. The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 (MHOR)[3] requires an employer to carry out a risk assessment on all manual handling tasks that pose an injury risk. If the employer had assessed this properly, a system or alternative way of moving the photocopied documents could have been developed, or perhaps another member of staff could have taken on this responsibility. The employer’s duty is to avoid manual handling as far as reasonably practicable if there is a possibility of injury. If this cannot be done then they must take steps to reduce the risk of injury as far as reasonably practicable. With the lift being available but closed due to a fault, the employer is not utilizing the available mechanisms as the lift has not been repaired. This puts any employee carrying any large object(s) at risk of injury & the lift will need to be repaired with adequate alternative carrying methods for employees who are unable to do so. Also, The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 says that rest facilities must be provided for pregnant women and nursing mothers, this may not be relevant to the woman falling down the stairs, however if this has not been provided for her, it could have contributed if she was tired & unable to find a place to rest or not allowed to take time to rest.

Country Ghrammer Essays - Shimmy, NIG, Down Down Baby, Free Essays

Country Ghrammer Essays - Shimmy, NIG, Down Down Baby, Free Essays Country Ghrammer Hmm, I'm going down down baby yo street in a Range Rover Street Sweeper baby cocked ready to let it go Shimmy Shimmy cocoa wha listen to it now Light it up and take a puff, pass it to me now Hmm, I'm going down down baby yo street in a Range Rover Street Sweeper baby cocked ready to let it go Shimmy Shimmy cocoa wha listen to it now Light it up and take a puff, pass it to me now (Nelly) You can find me, in St. Louis rollin on dubs Smoking dubs in clubs, blowin up like cocoa puff Sippin Bud, gettin perved and getting dubbed Daps and hugs, mean mugs and shoulder shrugs And it's all because, accumulated enough stretch Just to navigate it, fully decorated on chrome And it's candy painted, fans fainted While I'm entertaining, wild ain't it How me and mugs, I hang with Hannibal Lector (Hot sh*t) So feel me when I bring it, sing it loud wha I'm from the Loop and I'm proud Run a mile for the cause I'm righteous above the law Playa my style's raw I'm Born to Mack like Todd Shaw Forget the fame, and the glamour Give me D's wit a rubber hammer My grammar be's ebonics, gin tonic and chronic Fuc* bionic it's ironic, slammin nig*as like Onyx Lunatics til the day I die I run more game then the Bulls and Sonics Chorus 2X (Nelly) Who say pretty boys can't be wild nig*as Loud nig*as, O.K. Corral nig*as Foul nig*as, run in the club and bust in the crowd nig*a How nig*a, ask me again it's going down nig*a Now nig*a, come to the circus and watch me clown nig*a Pound nig*a, what you be givin when I'm around nig*a Frown nig*as, talkin sh*t when I leave the town nig*a Say now, can you hoes come out to play now Hey I'm, ready to cut you up any day now Play by, my rules boo and you gon' stay high May I, answer yo third question like hey I Say hi, to my nig*as left in the slamma From St. Louis to Memphis From Texas back up to Indiana, Chi-Town K.C. Motown to Alabama L-A, New York Yankee niggas to Hotlanta, Louisiana All my niggas wit Country Grammar Smokin blunts in Savannah Blow thirty mill like I'm Hammer Chorus 2X (Nelly) Let's show these cats to make these milli-ons So you nig*as quit acting silly, mon My +Kid+ quicker than +Billy+, mon Talking really and I need it mon, foes I keep filly mon 'Specially off Remi, mon, keys to my Beemer, mon Holla at Beenie Man, see me, mon Cheifin rollin deeper than any mon, through Jennings mon Through U-City back up to Kingsland, wit nice nig*as Sheist nig*as, who snatch yo life nig*a, trife nig*as Who produce and sell the same beat twice, nig*a, ice nig*a All over close to never sober From broke to havin dough, 'cause my price Range is Rover Now I'm knockin like Jehovah Let me in now, let me in now Bill Gates Donald Trumph let me in, we spin now I got money to lend my friends now, we in now Candy Benz, Kenwood and 10s now (Whoo!) Fu**in lesbian twins now Seein now, through the pen I make my ends now Bibliography A website

Shakespeare Expository Essay Essay Example

Shakespeare Expository Essay Essay Example Shakespeare Expository Essay Paper Shakespeare Expository Essay Paper peg 56). He denied the crown three times (act 1, scene 2, line 119-226), and trusted Brutes as an honest roman, with an honest opinion (act 3, scene 1, line 76). He had already denied the crown, but the crowd was trying to convince him otherwise. Had Brutes explained his thoughts to Caesar, Caesar most likely wouldnt have even considered taking the crown. Even if the ambition was a villainous trait, Caesar still considered a villainous. If anything, Brutes Is to be blamed for his communication error and his naive ways for the death of Caesar. Throughout Caesar life, he never exhibited any signs of ambition. And other rural retreat that Caesar has, although on revealed until later, is his overwhelming generosity, Caesar, In his will, left all his money and his private garden to the citizens of Rome (act 3, scene 2, linemen-253). A typical wealthy nobleman would leave his wealth and his life earnings to pass down the family, although, Caesar Is not a typical wealthy nobleman. Caesar Is a generous leader. Bad leaders neglect the poor and commoners, and this is seen throughout history. A good leader gives the poor hope, and words of guidance, but Caesar Is even better than that. Caesar Is a great leader, who gave all his wealth to the city. Anyone that claims Caesar was greedy would be Ignorant to overlook the previous facts. Caesar was generous, making him a revolutionist emperor. Julius Caesar raised to the top by making wise decisions and this contributes to his heroism. Caesar didnt live to be the last living person In the First Triumvirate by being foolish. He paved his way to success by being wise. He pointed out that Cassias was a snake, and was not to be trusted (act 1, scene 2, line 3), and had Marc Antonym not told him otherwise, he may have acted on his Instincts. This Is an Incredible feat, considering Cassias lead Caesar to his downfall. If Careers friends had been wiser, perhaps they wouldnt have let the conspiracy happen. Caesar was a very wise leader, which Is another reason that contributes to him being the most heroic character. Julius Caesar was wise, generous, and UN-ambitious. He Is undoubtedly the closest thing to a hero that Rome had. Caesar showed he wasnt ambitious by denying the crown, that he was generous by giving his belongings to the roman citizens, and that he was wise by spotting a snake. When Caesar died, he accepted It, because Brutes killed him. Rome killed him. Caesar died not only a fearsome leader, but a hero and a martyr. He accepted death, because although unethical, thats what the noblest Roman wanted. Considered a villainous. If anything, Brutes is to be blamed for his communication on revealed until later, is his overwhelming generosity, Caesar, in his will, left all his the family, although, Caesar is not a typical wealthy nobleman. Caesar is a generous history. A good leader gives the poor hope, and words of guidance, but Caesar is even better than that. Caesar is a great leader, who gave all his wealth to the city. Anyone that claims Caesar was greedy would be ignorant to overlook the previous facts. Caesar was generous, making him a revolutionist emperor. Julius Caesar raised to live to be the last living person in the First Triumvirate by being foolish. He paved his may have acted on his instincts. This is an incredible feat, considering Cassias lead have let the conspiracy happen. Caesar was a very wise leader, which is another wise, generous, and UN-ambitious. He is undoubtedly the closest thing to a hero that Rome had. Caesar showed he wasnt ambitious by denying the crown, that he was spotting a snake. When Caesar died, he accepted it, because Brutes killed him. Rome

Blue-Ringed Octopus Facts

Blue-Ringed Octopus Facts The blue-ringed octopus is an extremely venomous animal known for the bright, iridescent blue rings it displays when threatened. The small octopuses are common in tropical and subtropical coral reefs and tide pools of the Pacific and Indian Ocean, ranging from southern Japan to Australia. Although the blue-ringed octopus bite contains the powerful neurotoxin tetrodotoxin, the animal is docile and unlikely to bite unless handled. Blue-ringed octopuses belong to the genus Hapalochlaena, which includes four species: H. lunulata, H. fasciata, H. maculosa, and H. nierstrazi. Fast Facts: Blue-Ringed Octopus Common Name: Blue-ringed octopusScientific Name: Hapalochlaena sp.Distinguishing Features: Small octopus with yellowish skin that flashes bright blue rings when threatened.Size: 12 to 20 cm (5 to 8 in)Diet: Small crabs and shrimpAverage Lifespan: 1 to 2 yearsHabitat: Shallow warm coastal waters of the Indian and Pacific OceansConservation Status: Not evaluated; common within its rangeKingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: MolluscaClass: CephalopodaOrder: OctopodaFun Fact: The blue-ringed octopus is immune to its own venom. Physical Characteristics When not threatened, the blue-ringed octopus rings may be brown or invisible. Brook Peterson/Stocktrek Images / Getty Images Like other octopuses, the blue-ringed octopus has a sac-like body and eight tentacles. Ordinarily, a blue-ringed octopus is tan-colored and blends in with its surroundings. The iridescent blue rings only appear when the animal is disturbed or threatened. In addition to up to 25 rings, this type of octopus also has a blue line running through its eyes. Adults range in size from 12 to 20 cm (5 to 8 in) and weigh from 10 to 100 grams. Females are slightly larger than males, but the size of any octopus varies greatly depending on nutrition, temperature, and available light. Prey and Feeding The blue-ringed octopus hunts small crabs and shrimp during the day, but it will eat bivalves and small fish if it can catch them. The octopus pounces upon its prey, using its tentacles to pull its catch toward its mouth. Then, its beak pierces the crustaceans exoskeleton and delivers the paralyzing venom. The venom is produced by bacteria in octopus saliva. It contains tetrodotoxin, histamine, taurine, octopamine, acetylcholine, and dopamine. Once the prey is immobilized, the octopus uses its beak to tear off chunks of the animal to eat. The saliva also contains enzymes that partially digest flesh, so that the octopus can suck it out of the shell. The blue-ringed octopus is immune to its own venom. Venom and Bite Treatment Encounters with this reclusive creature are rare, but people have been bitten after handling accidentally stepping on a blue-ringed octopus. A bite leaves a tiny mark and may be painless, so its possible to be unaware of danger until respiratory distress and paralysis occur. Other symptoms include nausea, blindness, and heart failure, but death (if it occurs) usually results from paralysis of the diaphragm. There is no antivenom for a blue-octopus bite, but tetradotoxin is metabolized and excreted within a few hours. First aid treatment consists of applying pressure to the wound to slow the effects of the venom and artificial respiration once the victim stops breathing, which usually occurs within minutes of the bite. If artificial respiration is started immediately and continued until the toxin wears off, most victims recover. Behavior Hal Beral / Getty Images During the day, the octopus crawls through coral and across the shallow sea floor, seeking to ambush prey. It swims by expelling water through its siphon in a type of jet propulsion. While juvenile blue-ringed octopuses can produce ink, they lose this defensive ability as they mature. The aposematic warning display deters most predators, but the octopus piles up rocks to block the entrance to its lair as a safeguard. Blue-ringed octopuses are not aggressive. Reproduction Blue-ringed octopuses reach sexual maturity when they are less than a year old. A mature male will pounce on any other mature octopus of its own species, whether its male or female. The male holds the other octopus mantle and tries to insert a modified arm called a hectocotylus into the female mantle cavity. If the male is successful, he releases spermatophores into the female. If the other octopus is a male or a female that already has sufficient sperm packets, the mounting octopus typically withdraws without a struggle. In her lifetime, the female lays a single clutch of about 50 eggs. Eggs are laid in autumn, shortly after mating, and incubated under the females arms for around six months. Females dont eat while incubating eggs. When the eggs hatch, the juvenile octopuses sink to the sea floor to seek prey, while the female dies. The blue-ringed octopus lives one to two years. Conservation Status None of the species of blue-ringed octopus have been evaluated with respect to conservation status. They are not listed on the IUCN Red List, nor are they protected. Generally, people dont eat these octopuses, but some are captured for the pet trade. Sources Cheng, M.W.; Caldwell, R.L. (2000). Sex identification and mating in the blue-ringed octopus,  Hapalochlaena lunulata.  Anim Behav.  60  (1): 27–33.  Lippmann, John and Bugg, Stan, DAN S.E. Asia-Pacific Diving First Aid Manual, J.L. Publications, Australia, May 2004. ISBN 0-646-23183-9Mthger, L.M.; Bell, G.R.; Kuzirian, A.M.; Allen, J.J. Hanlon, R.T. (2012). How does the blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena lunulata) flash its blue rings?. Journal of Experimental Biology. 215 (21): 3752–3757. doi:10.1242/jeb.076869Robson, G. C. (1929). Notes on the Cephalopoda. - VIII. The genera and subgenera of Octopodinae and Bathypolypodinae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Series 10. 3 (18): 607–608. doi:10.1080/00222932908673017Sheumack D.D., Howden M.E., Spence I., Quinn R.J. (1978). Maculotoxin: a neurotoxin from the venom glands of the octopus Hapalochlaena maculosa identified as tetrodotoxin. Science. 199 (4325): 188–9. doi:10.1126/science.619451

Trace Evidence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Trace Evidence - Essay Example The main biological molecule of target for forensic analysis is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is present in all cells of all organisms. Biological evidences at the scene of the crime thus serve as essential resources for DNA that could be employed in the forensic analysis of a criminal case. DNA from cells of both the victim(s) and the assailant(s) may be extracted from biological materials that are collected from the crime scene. With the proper application of molecular biology techniques, DNA could be extracted from forensic samples and subjected to DNA analysis. The main procedure employed in the analysis of DNA is the polymerase chain reaction, which is an enzymatic process that generates several copies of DNA based on the sequence of a template DNA (Giardina et al., 2009). The reaction involves a bacterial enzyme that has the capacity to withstand high temperatures that are required for DNA amplification. The amplified DNA fragments are then subjected to a separation assay called agarose gel electrophoresis, which mainly involves running the DNA according to its molecular weight in the presence of an electric field. The fragments are then expected to migrate through the gel and stop at its corresponding molecular size. Both the victim and the suspect's DNA samples are subjected to the polymerase chain reaction, as this will allow the identification of the source of each biological material that is collected at the crime scene. The most common DNA sequences involved in forensic analysis are the short tandem repeats (STRs), which are usually between 20 to 100 nucleotides in length and highly variable in the human population. It is thus expected that every individual in the human society may carry a different sequence in the STRs and the only other individuals that could have a match with a person are those of his parents or his children. Other biological materials that could be collection from the scene of a crime include insects, as well as pollen, that may be present on and within the body of the victim. It should be understood that a human body immediately undergoes the process of decomposition within the first hour after the individual dies. Insects deposit eggs within the first few hours of death and these develop into larvae, or maggots, that are often observed in a body that has been left in the open for a couple of days (Nazni et al., 2008). Forensic entomology allows the researcher to identify the species of the larvae, as well as to determine the age of the larvae in terms of developmental stages or instars. This estimation plays a critical role in determining the time of death of the victim. The presence of pollen on the body of the victim of a criminal case may also provide information on whether the victim was murdered at the site or was otherwise transferred from one place to another. Every place has a specific collection of pollen, and this is mainly based from the types of plants and trees that are present in the area. If a crime was performed within a forest, then the pollen that could be collected on the body of the victim should be of those that were derived from the plants and trees of that same forest. If the pollen collected from the body of

Overthrow Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Overthrow - Essay Example This should not be used as an excuse by America concerning its present or even past wrongdoings as it is the one that been in the driving seat, but it is important to out these issues in some perspective. If America is to be called the ‘Great Satan,† then it has a very big company or allies. Several other nations should realize that they might be part of the global problem too. Considering that, America should do much better on the global stage. America might at present be the superpower on the global campus, it but it should not be the biggest problem in the global schoolyard.  The writer ends his text with an observation that we should all take heart. He states that America emerged the superpower in the world in a quicker manner than nearly any other empire or nation in the world has ever done. Full of the self-confidence and exuberance of the youth, it created a sense of unconstrained possibility. Most Americans had the belief that since they have a great success in the building of their own nation, they do not only duplicate that achievement internationally but were called by destiny. This is particularly as a result of the fact that one cannot be able to force into power, leaders in foreign nations that are both indisputably popular and well-liked by their compatriots, also who are seeking to protect the interest of the United States. It is beyond doubt that America is the world’s superpower, and it is high time that it stops being part of the world’s problems, but be part of the solution.... about the connecting events that came after the regime changes in the Arab world: That is in the year 1953, Mohammad Mossadegh, the Prime Minister of Iran was overthrown by the CIA for the Britons, replacing him with a tyrant who did not have any qualms about the welcoming or acceptance of foreign oil firms. However, that operation spurred radical fundamentalists who were led by Ayatollah Khomeini in organizing and coordinating the resistance of 1978, and their activities served as inspiration to the other Muslims allover the world. The Lebanon’s Hezbollah guerillas of present day are the devout successors of the Ayatollah and the proteges of the major Iranian clerics4. The writer documents how five presidents of the United States cultivated the Taliban in Afghanistan, at first attempting to frustrate the Soviets and then later to acquire and shelter a route of oil-pipeline. On paper, we find that every plan or overthrow is shaky and brazen, but the writer shows how such opera tions’ planners, once aim at their final objective, loose any long-lasting or long-term sense of national security or financial responsibility. All through the 1980s, when the Soviets conquered Afghanistan, the United States financed the rebels via Pakistan and did not attempt to play any role in making decisions regarding the individuals or parties that were to receive the gifts. Consequently, the people of Pakistan used the finances in establishing the Taliban group and do away with the nationalist, secular or leftist movements. This was evident even one Afghan lamented that the United States was financing her own enemies. By the invasion of the Republic of Iraq in the year 2003, the United States came full circle in the region of Middle East, whereby it once again enhanced the influence of

My personal Activities Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

My Activities - Personal Statement Example In this case, I involved myself in cleaning the community waste since this is the recommended way of presenting environmental problems in the media. I also involved myself in conservation of the environment since it is my major area of interest. When a chance is available, I enjoy working in the field. Also, in the same 2007, I joined in the composition contest at the International Alkema Contest (IACC). I succeeded in the first IACC edition. The composers irrespective of the age could subscribe to the contest. The composition contest contained all styles of preferable classical music with popular music like rock, folk, pop, and jazz. I received the guitar and the piano award after being the best pianist. In 2008, I was among the competitors in the National Mathematics competition. I managed to enter the semi-finals that were much tougher that I could expect. The competition consisted of 20 multiple choices with a two division grading criteria. I managed to win the competition and awarded $1000. In 2009, I engaged in robot composition. As a group of five students, we designed a team brand robot which was programmed to perform instructed tasks. We gained popularity from the competition since it was successful. The robot could do minor mathematical calculations within a restricted time limit. In 2010, I saw old men struggling at homes due to their poor health. I took the priority to join in community volunteer activities in order to nurse the old men at home. Most of the men were unresponsive, depressed, and mentally disturbed due to health and family issues. As a group of volunteers, we were able to nurse them through special guidance. In early 2011, I gave not only a motivational talk, but also an educational guidance basing on career choices among the high school students. I was able to visit Thomas Jefferson High School for science and Technology and Oxford Academy in US for the talk and guidance. In 2012, I joined the

Personal Mission & Professional Goal Statements for Educational Essay

Personal Mission & Professional Goal Statements for Educational Leadership Class - Essay Example I was given the passion to learn new things in each and every day of my life. I chose to deal out what I have learned to everyone. I was given the freedom to influence other people. I opted to influence others with the knowledge that God gave me. I was called to teach. I agreed to be His disciple, His follower. I was given the voice to speak out His glory. I conceded to be His voice here on earth. This is my calling, my vocation. This is the path that I chose. This is my way to my salvation. I will squeal on top of my lungs. I will teach His words. I will live by His words. I will educate people as long as I can. This is my mission. I am free. I will complete my mission in any way I could as long as I know that I abide by the rules and regulations. I will find ways to further enhance my skills so that I will be able to fulfill my purpose in life. What do I have to do to keep my mission on its correct track? I created a list of things I should keep in mind for me to address my mission. First, as an educator, I will try to keep an open communication with my superiors, with my fellow educators, and with my students and their guardians. I would regularly ask them for their opinions regarding the way I teach and reach them. I will make them feel that every word they say about me and about certain things are appreciated and highly regarded. I would establish a good, healthy relationship with my students. I will try to gather their thoughts and perspectives about education. I would listen to their voices for I know that being an educator is a two-way process, they learn from me and at the same time, I will be able to pick up relevant points from them, views that I could use in my own personal living. I will attend to every meeting especially if the meeting would be comprised of the people I usually encounter. I would try to develop programs that would unite the students’ parents and the faculty members of our school, so that through these programs we will be able

Individual Internet Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Individual Internet Assignment - Essay Example Such decisions require consistency in the general business and the marketing strategy for that business. A rightful unit in this line makes decisions on products within it, the price within the set guidelines, dealers to be used and a communication strategy that is analogous to the business’ strategy. A product portfolio is the set of products that is offered by a company. The marketing strategy of a company should thus be alongside the products in the offer and based on various business models (Zamagni 373). 1. Marketing mix According to Perreault and McCarthy (50), a marketing mix is a set of variables put together by a company to satisfy the target market. It has four tenets as indicated in the figure below. Product; this involves the development of the correct product for the market. One should choose the right characteristics and services for customer satisfaction. Place: the business should ensure that the product is at the right place where it is required by the target market for purchase. Price; the business owner should choose a price that the target market is willing to spend on the product Promotion: the process of informing the target market about the product With a good marketing mix, the customer is able to perceive the product correctly. It determines the poisoning of the product with relativity to the needs of the customer. 2. Porters five forces The porter’s model is essential for checking the economic models that impact a business (Zamagni 375). The model (as indicated in the figure below) can be used by a company in the following ways; Internal industry rivalry; this occurs through competition in pricing the products or other means. The firms should be able to set competitive prices (as defined in the market mix). Entry threat; this threat arises from other companies who may want to develop the same product. It can be lowered by developing high end products Substitute products; the business owners should be aware of the substitu tes available in the market and look out for potential substitutes. They can decide to enlarge market definitions. Supplier/buyer powers; the business should offer a wide range of prices to the buyers. To the suppliers, they should be given very high standards for materials supplied to up scale the quality. 3. Break even analysis In aligning the right strategies, a business should be aware of the break even point in order to avoid losses. This is the point where the sales made are just enough to cover the costs associated with production. At this point, further sales indicate profits for the business. In coming up with a break even analysis, the business owners should consider the fixed and variable costs, margins of contribution and the operating leverages (Menon, 25). 4. Product life cycle analysis This is an assessment of environmental effects associated with a product from raw materials to end of its usage. In the case at hand, this technique is useful in supporting the business strategy. It also acts as an input to the design of a product and also for declaring the product. It is an essential tool for business decision making in areas such as; environmental comparisons to determine environmental value of product as well as methods of production and various choices, manufacturing and commercial development. 5. SWOT Analysis This analysis aims at identifying the strengths, weaknesses, the opportunities as well as the threats found in a

King Lear #1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

King Lear #1 - Essay Example The cad! My heart went out to the beautiful girl. So little, so young, standing there; dishonored only for having been honest, it was just too unfair! I could not stand to see her insulted that way. After all, even the most poor of my people was more gallant than this knave. When Lear asked me my opinion on the matter, going so far as to suggest my refusing her: I spoke my mind. I told him that now that Cordelia was alone, penniless and wronged, I found myself loving her, wanting to protect her even more. I told him that it mattered not to me if Lear disowned her, she was more than enough dower all by herself. These men astound me. Are they no better than cattle, to be bought and sold like this? And what of the King himself? Blinded by flattery? Well, â€Å"No fool like an old fool†, as they say in France. I shall turn in for the night now, but my heart is glad. From now, my nights and days shall be shared with a maiden as fair as she is virtuous. This evening at King Lear’s court I was amazed to find the love of my life Cordelia silently weeping in a corner while the King berated her. As he began to explain his reason for calling me and Burgundy there, I understood that it was because he had decided to disinherit his youngest daughter. The news verily made me reel. Was she not his most precious? Did he not only yesterday speak to me about how dearly he loved the girl? And yet today, only because she refused to flatter him, he was banishing her. Burgundy, that dishonorable excuse of a Duke, turned down her hand. Now that she was without a dower, he said he could not accept her to be his bride. Well, too bad for him! I could not have been gladder. Now that they were insulting the girl and she was left all alone, I felt even more tenderly toward her. And I made my opinion quite clear too! I said to Lear that I should be honored to have his daughter for my bride. It was not important to me whether she had a fat sum of mon ey following her or whether it was

Individual Internet Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Individual Internet Assignment - Essay Example Such decisions require consistency in the general business and the marketing strategy for that business. A rightful unit in this line makes decisions on products within it, the price within the set guidelines, dealers to be used and a communication strategy that is analogous to the business’ strategy. A product portfolio is the set of products that is offered by a company. The marketing strategy of a company should thus be alongside the products in the offer and based on various business models (Zamagni 373). 1. Marketing mix According to Perreault and McCarthy (50), a marketing mix is a set of variables put together by a company to satisfy the target market. It has four tenets as indicated in the figure below. Product; this involves the development of the correct product for the market. One should choose the right characteristics and services for customer satisfaction. Place: the business should ensure that the product is at the right place where it is required by the target market for purchase. Price; the business owner should choose a price that the target market is willing to spend on the product Promotion: the process of informing the target market about the product With a good marketing mix, the customer is able to perceive the product correctly. It determines the poisoning of the product with relativity to the needs of the customer. 2. Porters five forces The porter’s model is essential for checking the economic models that impact a business (Zamagni 375). The model (as indicated in the figure below) can be used by a company in the following ways; Internal industry rivalry; this occurs through competition in pricing the products or other means. The firms should be able to set competitive prices (as defined in the market mix). Entry threat; this threat arises from other companies who may want to develop the same product. It can be lowered by developing high end products Substitute products; the business owners should be aware of the substitu tes available in the market and look out for potential substitutes. They can decide to enlarge market definitions. Supplier/buyer powers; the business should offer a wide range of prices to the buyers. To the suppliers, they should be given very high standards for materials supplied to up scale the quality. 3. Break even analysis In aligning the right strategies, a business should be aware of the break even point in order to avoid losses. This is the point where the sales made are just enough to cover the costs associated with production. At this point, further sales indicate profits for the business. In coming up with a break even analysis, the business owners should consider the fixed and variable costs, margins of contribution and the operating leverages (Menon, 25). 4. Product life cycle analysis This is an assessment of environmental effects associated with a product from raw materials to end of its usage. In the case at hand, this technique is useful in supporting the business strategy. It also acts as an input to the design of a product and also for declaring the product. It is an essential tool for business decision making in areas such as; environmental comparisons to determine environmental value of product as well as methods of production and various choices, manufacturing and commercial development. 5. SWOT Analysis This analysis aims at identifying the strengths, weaknesses, the opportunities as well as the threats found in a

Health Condition and Childhood Obesity Assignment - 81

Health Condition and Childhood Obesity - Assignment Example Obesity or overweight is a significant health issue, which must be dealt with accordingly due to its risk factors, for cardiovascular diseases such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Stanhope and Lancaster (2012), in chapter 28 and 29 of Public Health Nursing: Population-Centered Health Care in Community, identifies and describes some family health risks one of them being a child and adolescent health. These authors also identify that obesity is one of the most significant health issues affecting both young children and teenagers. Childhood obesity, in children and adolescent, has both short-term and long-term effects on well-being and health, which makes it a public health challenge. Obese teenagers have higher risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and their health-related conditions than adults are. For instance, according to CDC report, 70 percent of teenagers, in 5- to 7-year-olds, had a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CDC, 2013). Additionally, obese adolescents are at higher risks of having prediabetes, which is a health condition where blood glucose level shows high chances of developing diabetes. Obese children and teenagers are also at higher r isk for joint and bone problems, and psychological and social problems such as poor self-esteem and stigmatization (CDC, 2013). Obesity’s long-term effects, which make it a public health challenge, include the likelihood of children and adolescent becoming obese adults and its related health conditions such as osteoarthritis, type 2 diabetes, stroke and several types of cancer. Moreover, overweight is associated with an increased risk factor for a number of cancer such as kidney, colon, breast, ovary, prostate, cervix, bladder and pancreas cancer (CDC, 2013). Ophthalmologists being medical practitioners need to understand the effects and prevention of obesity in children and adolescent. The primary  prevention strategy for this health condition is adopting healthy lifestyle habits. These include having regular physical activity and adopting healthy eating as these can lower the risk of developing obesity and related diseases (CDC, 2013).  

Sociology of Education Essay Example for Free

Sociology of Education Essay Education is a social institution that sociologists are very interested in studying. This includes teaching formal knowledge such as reading, writing, and arithmetic, as well as teaching other things such as morals, values, and ethics. Education prepares young people for entry into society and is thus a form of socialization. Sociologists want to know how this form of socialization affects and is affected by other social structures, experiences, and outcomes. Sociology of education is a field that focuses on two separate levels of analysis. At a macro-level, sociologists work to identify how various social forces, such as politics, economics, culture, etc. , creates variation in schools. In other words, what effects do other social institutions have on the educational system? At a micro-level, sociologists look to identify how variation in school practices lead to differences in individual-level student outcomes. That is, when schools have different teaching methods or have different practices, how does that affect the individual students and what are the individual outcomes? Example of Sociological Studies on Education A classic study by sociologist James Coleman done in 1966, known as the â€Å"Coleman Report† looked at the performance of over 150,000 students and found that student background and socioeconomic status were much more important in determining educational outcomes than were differences in school resources, such as per pupil spending. He also found that socially disadvantaged black students benefited and did better in school when they were in racially mixed classrooms rather than black only classrooms. This ignited controversy that still continues today. Major Sociological Theories of Education Like any other topic in sociology, the three major theoretical perspectives (functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interaction theory) each have different views on education. The functionalist perspective argues that education serves many important functions in society. First, it socializes children and prepares them for life in society. This is not only done by teaching â€Å"book knowledge,† but also teaching the society’s culture, including moral values, ethics, politics, religious beliefs, habits, and norms. Second, education provides occupational training, especially in industrialized societies such as the United States. Unlike in less complex societies or in the United States prior to 1900 when most jobs and training were passed on from father to son, most jobs in the United States today require at least a high school education, and many professions require a college or post-graduate degree. The third function that education serves, according to functionalist theorists, is social control, or the regulation of deviant behavior. By requiring young people to attend school, this keeps them off the streets and out of trouble. The symbolic interaction view of education focuses on interactions during the schooling process and the outcomes of those interactions. For instance, interactions between students and teachers can create expectations on both parts. The teacher begins to expect certain behaviors from students, which in turn can actually create that very behavior. This is called the â€Å"teacher expectancy effect. † For example, if a White teacher expects a black student to perform below average on a math test when compared to White students, over time the teacher may act in ways that encourage the black students to get below average math scores. Conflict theory looks at the disintegrative and disruptive aspects of education. These theorists argue that education is unequally distributed through society and is used to separate groups (based on class, gender, or race). Educational level is therefore a mechanism for producing and reproducing inequality in our society. Educational level, according to conflict theorists, can also be used as a tool for discrimination, such as when potential employers require certain educational credentials that may or may not be important for the job. It discriminates against minorities, working-class people, and women – those who are often less educated and least likely to have credentials because of discriminatory practices within the educational system. The sociology of education is the study of how public institutions and individual experiences affect education and its outcomes. Educational Sociology and Sociology of Education are two branches of study that are sometimes understood as one and the same branch, but they are actually not so. They indeed show some differences between them when it comes to the subjects of their study and the nature of the branches f study On the other hand educational sociology is the branch of study that deals with the various methods providing better education to society through an in depth research of our culture and society. Educational sociology is a subject that has to take both the sociologists and the educationists into consideration. This makes the subject an invaluable asset to all the students and researchers of social sciences, particularly sociology and education. It is a general belief that such of those who are involved in a deep study of education will benefit more from the branch of educational sociology In the poem of Okot p Biteks â€Å"My Husbands Tongue is Bitter† is evident in its use of the self  and other. The speaker of the poem is a black woman talking to her husband. The husband sees their colonizers as modern, progressive, civilized and educated. He considers learning English and following their acts would also make him one of them (colonizers), and by doing so, he will acquire the identity of the self. On the other hand, he offended his wife and his own people by citing and ennumerating their deeds as backward, primitive and ignorant.

How Standard English Differs From Malaysian English English Language Essay

How Standard English Differs From Malaysian English English Language Essay Communication is one of the most important aspects in our everyday activity. In fact, most of the activities we do are directly or indirectly related to communication. More than 300 million people in the world speak English and the rest sometimes seem to or are trying to. At the same time, English is spoken in many different varieties in dependence to the country, as what it is known throughout as the World Englishes. The British introduced English to Malaysia more than two centuries ago. It became the most important language for generations and it is often associated with power and prestige. However, in post-British era, when Malaysia became independent in 1957, English was made the second language in conjunction with the promotion of Bahasa Malaysia as the national language. Then, in the 1990s, spurred by the governments objective to push the nation into globalization, the importance of English increased. Today, Malaysians speak Standard English and Malaysian English. But here what is actually meant by Standard English and Malaysian English and how exactly it differs? What actually counts the Standard English will depend on both the locality and the particular varieties that Standard English is being contrasted with.  As a whole, Standard English is also known as Standard Written English or SWE, is the form of English most widely accepted as being clear and proper. It is regarded as the most appropriate and most commonly used form of English around the world and is acknowledged as the model of speech and writing of educated speakers. While on the other hand, Manglish is a Malaysian speaking style, just like the Singaporean English, Singlish. This is a distorted use of English that is mainly spoken between the locals and sometimes is also referred to as a rojak language. So, how is Standard English differs from Malaysian English? In Malaysia, we regard Malaysian English as bahasa rojak. (Johnleemk, 8 Mac 2007). Rojak is a malay word, loosely translated actually means a mixture of. Same goes to in Malaysian context. We regard our English as rojak English. Malaysians, are very lucky to have many different races speaking many different languages and still staying together peacefully under one nation. The variety known as Malaysian English has, among various factors, the local languages as one of the ingredients that colour this variety. These local languages mentioned being basically Malay, Chinese and Tamil. Such indigenized varieties are most often used in an informal communicative variety. This means  using  the English language with a mixture of the Malay words, Chinese dialects and Tamil. For example, in an informal communication, people more often than not used the word lah , aaah and aiyoo. Lah is used to emphasise, Aaah is usually followed by a question mark and Aiyoo is often accompanied by the excl aimation mark. For example, Aiyoo, why you so late one huh? and faster lah. This kind of Manglish spoken sentences are only understood by Malaysians and not tourists. Recently, I read an article where, an English spoken tourist who came to Malaysia commented on the Malaysian English. It sounds curiously like English, but I couldnt understand what was being said. How is the tourist going to understand if the English is spoken in this manner, My car, 4 months never pay. The finance people are going to pull already. Myself, where got money. Aiyoo! Die lah like that. This actually means I have not paid up my car installments in 4 months. The finance company is going to reposess it soon. I dont have the money. Argh! Im done for. The main point on how Malaysian English differs from Standard English is the words spoken which are used in the speaking of English language. In Standard English we use words which can be understood by everyone whereby in Malaysian English, we mix all the languag e into English whereby only Malaysians can understand the whole meaning of the sentence. Besides that, Standard English differs from Malaysian English in terms of pronunciations of words. As I have explained in the above context, Malaysia is a well diverse country with the Malaysians speaking many different dialects. So, English is a second language in this country. If compared to the British, the one main language spoken there is English. Here, in Malaysia, the English spoken here is mixed with many different dialects spoken by the different ethnics in Malaysia. Thus, one thing we need to bear in mind here that most of the pronunciations mistake relates to mother tongue interference. For example, this piece is taken from the Start Online, There are many points in Hussainis article that I can comment on, but Ill just choose two examples he gave as wrong pronunciation of English words, head and said, which he claimed were mispronounced as had and sad.  The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English  and other mainstream dictionaries give the pronunciation of the words as /hed/ and /sed/, using the International Phonetic Alphabet system and hence they would actually sound almost like had and sad but with shorter vowel sounds. Perhaps Hussaini thought head should sound like /heÄ ±t/ and said like /seÄ ±d/, which are actually Malaysian English pronunciation of the words. Some other words Malaysian pronounce differently are their (Malaysians read it as thee-ya but its actually is there) , Wednesday ( Malaysians pronounce it as wed-nes-day but its actually wenz-day), question ( Malaysians read as ques-tion but its actually ques-chen), procedure ( Malaysians pronounce it as prou-si-dear but it is pre-si-jer) and many other words. At the same time, In Malaysian English, the last syllable of a word is sometimes not pronounced with the strength that it would be in British English. So, here we can see Malaysian English differs in terms of pronunciation of words, whereby it is mostly affected by the interference of the different dialects in Mal aysia. Standard English also differs from Malaysian English in terms of grammar. There are many Manglish grammatical structures taken from Chinese dialects and many claim that the structure is also borrowed from the malay language. For example, the phrase Why you so like that one? in standard English it means Why are you behaving in that way. In Cantonese, a similar phrase would be rendered as Dà ­mgà ¡ai nà ©ih gà ¡m ge? or literally Why you like that? The one in the sample phrase does not literally mean the numeral one; instead it is used more as a suffix device. It is also sometimes rendered as wan.One other characteristic is  anastrophe  and omission of certain prepositions and articles. For example I havent seen you in a long time in standard English becomes Long time no see in Malaysian English. Not only are those, even to the certain extent the words used in Standard English and Malaysian English also different. With the variety of influences Malaysian English is gradually fo rming its own vocabulary. Typically, these words are based on other English words but most of the time the Malaysian speaker is unaware that these words are not the words from the standard use of English or even from British or American English. For example, one of the most used words in Malaysia is hand phone but it is actually a mobile phone or a cell phone. Malaysian use brinjal, but the right use of that vegetable is eggplant or Aubergine, the standard word for MC is actually sick note and gostan which is used in Malaysia is actually reverse or to go backwards in Standard English. Moreover, some of the same words found in Standard English and Malaysian English have different meaning. For example, bungalow. In Standard English it means a small house or cottage usually having a single storey and sometimes an additional attic story that is free standing, i.e. not conjoined with another unit. But in Malaysian English it means a mansion for the rich and/or famous; or a fully detached house, regardless of the number of floors it has. (absolute astronomy). Currently, many different English varieties, which are called World Englishes, are spoken all over the world. Malaysian English, one of the World Englishes, has an important role as an inter-ethnic lingua franca in the Malaysian community. Since language is closely related to identity, even if the Malaysian government carries on the language policy which ignores the relationship between language and identity, the policy will have little effect on Malaysian language use and attitudes. At the same time, I believe that it is not wrong using Malaysian English, we should always minimize the usage and avoid speaking Malaysian English in formal situation. On the other hand, standard English should always be uphold and given the highest priority as English is becoming the highest medium of communication everywhere around the world. Thus, the difference between Malaysian English and Standard English can be lessened if there is a commitment from every individual to improve the standard of Engl ish in Malaysia.

The Patriot Act Protects America Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Arg

The Patriot Act Protects America Since September 11, 2001 many people can say that America has changed.   Many people question if America has changed for the better or has it just gotten worse. Since the day those four planes crashed around the United States people’s lives have been changed. Many may not realize how their lives have changed, but with new laws passed life is different within America. The United States Patriot Act is one of the laws passed after 9/11: singed into order on October 26, 2001 just 45 days after the attack. The United States Patriot Act was put in place in order to protect Americans, yet has been affecting American’s civil liberties and caused controversy all over the United States. The U.S. Patriot Act was set in place to better serve our country against terrorism.   The U.S. Patriot Act is an Acronym for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Acts (Lithwick).   This act is to punish terrorist actions and improve law enforcement not only in the United States but also around the world. The United States Patriot Act consists of over 1,000 sections that describe the act in great detail.   The sections include, but are not limited to, the power extended to the government by The U.S. Patriot Act to deport and incarcerate non citizens. With the U.S. Patriot Act a person’s phone line can be tapped, records of any and all purchases checked, and even library records searched.   This Act also has sections to help money laundering, expand our country’s border protection, strengthening the extent of criminal laws and provide for people suffering from any type of terrorism acts (Huf fman).    Some Americans think the U.S. Patriot Act goes ag... ...never demolish terrorism but they can help make laws to prevent it. The U.S. Patriot Act is clearly defined and understandable. Even though there are pros and cons to the act it is in the government’s best interest to help keep America safe and keep our civil liberties intact.   Works Cited * Fahrenheit 9/11. Dir. Michael Moore. Videocassette. Dog Eat Dog, 2004. * Huffman, Ryan , David Lloyd, and Jason Pollard. Pros of the Patriot Act. 2001. 8 Nov. 2004 .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      * Keen, Judy. Home Page. 20 Apr. 2004. 5 Nov. 2004 . * Lithwick, Dahlia, and Julia Turner.   "From a Guide to the Patriot Act."   Slate.   1994.  Ã‚   * Townshend, Mike, and Maddie Trier. "Patriot Debate." State News 10 Nov. 2004, sec. A: 2+8.

Erikson on Play Essay

In the Modern Theories lecture, all three theorists: Freud, Vygotsky, and Piaget developed different views on social play. Erik Erikson’s play theory is similar to Vygotsky because Erikson viewed play as a necessary factor for social development. My extra credit paper is over the modern theorists. During the class lecture, I learned that Erik Erikson researched how the ego is the child’s personality and is responsible for a unified sense of self. Cognition and play was Piaget’s focus; Vygotsky researched a child’s ZPD development. Bruner researched his idea on problem solving. However, play is more way of working out personality formation a way of understanding and interpreting what a child is feeling. All three theorists were social researchers. However, Erik Erikson was most noted for his work in refining and expanding Freud’s theory of stages. He found out that adults do not play because they have reached the superego stage. Anna Freud and Lili Peller were two researchers who found out that play is a way of working out traumas and it is a basis of play therapy. Lili Peller researched how play is wish fulfillment; children have desires that they cannot fulfill, however, they play it out. Kids are working out their issues through toys. Play is a way of working out personality issues and understanding/interpreting how a child is feeling. Play is also a key feature of socialization. Corsaro developed the type of utterance reflects social status and creates social status. According to Gregory Bateson, the language of play is important; children give each other signals that play is going on. Bateson found out that the real and the unreal was not the here-and-now and the not present. Bateson agreed with others about what is going on. Children also create a â€Å"frame† where play takes place; they step in and out of the frame using codes, signals and cues. Bateson also discovered that children also step in and out of the play frame using codes, signals and cues in â€Å"as if† activities. Millard Parten was the first lady to focus on how children progress in their social interactions in peers. Mildred Parten, Ph. D. ocused on Sociology (1929); her research focused on how children progress in their social interactions with peers. I learned and remember from the lecture that according to Erikson, children are able to self heal when they play it out where adults talk it out. In auto cosmic play: play begins and centers on the child’s own body. The child’s play is the infantile form of the human ability to deal with experiences by creating model situations and to master reality by experiment and planning. Parten’s theory lead me to believe that the uninvolved stage was the first level of social play participation. I enjoyed reading about Erikson’s timeline of Auto cosmic, microsphere and macro sphere was Erikson’s theory on how children develop in psychological stages. Auto cosmic play is playing with your own body verses in which infants play with their own bodies, and going on to a toy â€Å"microsphere (the kind of play that is done with small toys),† followed by the â€Å"macro sphere: the kind of play that is done between children† of play with other children. † Autocosmic Microsphere  Macrosphere play with body play with toys play with other children The diagram above is what I learned from the presentation. Corsaro researched how children communicate with each other and â€Å"Language Serves as a way to form social groups and a hierarchy during play† and talked about a type of utterance that reflects social status and creates social status during play called Social Play Talk I questioned how play is a way of working out a person’s ideas on forming their own personality. Social play meant to me that it was one of the forms of a theorist’s ideas. Freud, Erikson, and Peller all influenced play therapy. I had a question about why Erikson found out that children had a trust vs mistrust stage when there was already an autonomy vs doubt stage. Lev Vygotsky’s theory on the ZPD made the most sense to me. Erikson built on Freud’s theory by elevating social factors over biological ones and Erikson also emphasized the id as the key to personality development. My view on social development changed from broad to specific after I read the pages on Vygotsky’s theory of the zone of proximal development. I understood more of why â€Å"Play creates a zone of proximal development of the child. † I learned that the child has different levels of development in different functions in social play. My understanding of theory changed because I became more aware of what children do in a social play setting. Cat Garvey’s theories fit into what I observed in child’s play because Garvey’s preparatory talk fits into Explicit Directions for pretend play. I understood that children need directions to do a task (word puzzle). Signals also factored into how children decide to play. I found that signals can be very helpful in understanding children’s play. My favorite play talk lead me to believe Garvey was identifying the way children can transform the environment (playhouse into kitchen) and nything they can enact on. The different ways that kids are using language to create the scenario. Boys do not really use prep talk; girls are more likely to use prep talk â€Å"let’s play house†. I did not see any theory that was not play related, however, Garvey’s play theory was NOT helpful in explaining other types of nonverbal play and games. Eac h theorist’s ideas were based off of their own philosophy and beliefs that play were relevant to children’s purpose and context in social development. I was impressed that the modern theorists had some idea to describe and understand children’s social experiences.

Chicc Boy Research Paper

CHIC-BOY Vision To become the premiere franchisee of Chic-boy by the year 2020. Mission To be the best Chic-boy franchisee in the Philippines by providing the most appetizing Filipino food at very competitive prices. Will consistently maintain the highest standards in food preparation and service. Not only profit-oriented but is service-oriented as well. Surplus food that are not served will be donated to our less fortunate brothers and sisters at the end of the day.Goals and Objectives 1st Objective: conduct a soft-opening of the franchise by December 2011 and to be fully operational by the start of year 2012 Our specific objectives are the following: To conduct daily inspections on the floor and restaurant equipment Strictly implement the specifications set by Chic-boy and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). To hire prospective employees with the ample amount of experience every 6 months. To review employee skills and knowledge of Chic-boy operating procedures every 2 months.To strictly comply with the requirements set by Chic-boy through punctual payment of royalty fees and other related payables. To achieve an ROI in a span of two years. To establish a minimum of 5 branches by 2020. Chicken at Baboy Brief history of the business A group of BM studens from DLSU-M saw a great potential in franchising and they were encouraged by their professor to pursue the venture. A few of them started to notice Chic-boy in a commercial center in Alabang. It was a relatively new establishment, yet a lot of customers were entering it.This made the group curious and after some research, they have finally decided to get a franchise of Chic-boy. They thought that it was a good opportunity for them, because they can put the franchise in more desirable locations in Metro Manila. Definition of the Market Fast Food Restaurant (aka Quick Service Restaurant) – limited menu establishment which lends itself to production line techniques of producing food that is served packa ged for immediate consumption, on or off the restaurant premises. (Franchise Direct. com, n. d. , para. 3).Fast Food Industry – can be assessed as overly saturated because of the countless establishments competing for dominance Established brands make it hard for prospective entrepreneurs to enter the industry with a new product or service Chic-boy provides a new concept which may tap the unexplored portion of the fast food industry as it still holds some potential growth and success for newcomers. Its concept integrates the best qualities of the leading fast food chains today The franchise will target the B, C, and D market of the Philippine population.Students and employees with a strict budget for food but still crave for rich-tasting Filipino food that will fill their bellies to the rim will find what they are looking for in Chic-boy. A budget of around PhP 50 to PhP 100 will surely satisfy one's hunger Currently, Chic-boy has no significant share in the fast food market but it is slowly gaining foothold with 4 take-out stores and 10 dine-in stores, 9 of which are franchises. 10 more are under construction all over Metro Manila, and 4 of these will be serving 24/7.Description of Products ; Services Product: Chic-boy Started on 2008 and became franchisable November the year after, Chic-boy is relatively new in the market. Registered under the Philippine Franchise Association (PFA) which certifies that it is legal and all its documents are complete. Chic-boy's concept is integrating into one fast food restaurant the best qualities of the leading fast food chains today such as the best-selling chicken inasal, lechon manok and liempo together with the ever popular unlimited rice. It highlights the most popular Filipino dishes that is best suitable for a fast food setting.Cebu Lechon Manok Cebu Lechon Liempo Chibog Busog Meals Chiquito Meals Magandang Umaga Meals Sizzling Specials Soup Merienda Side Orders Extras Desserts Drinks Chic-Boy Menu Organizatio n and Management Company Structure Organizational chart of Partnership and the Chic-boy franchise †¢Partnership consists of 5 partners †¢Two general partners – oversees the overall operations of the franchise †¢Three limited partners – are consulted by general partners from time to time †¢Partners receive equal share of earnings †¢As an incentive, general partners receive salaries for their time, effort and resource spent in the operations Company Structure †¢Business Permit †¢Mayor’s permit †¢BIR permit †¢SEC registration Form (for partnership) †¢Insurance †¢Barangay Permit †¢DOLE permit †¢DOH-BFAD Accreditation Special Licenses and Permits Brief Bio of Key Managers Shekinah Bonite †¢A current student of De La Salle University-Manila under the Business Management program †¢Born September 21, 1991 †¢Eldest among four siblings Noel Aguilar †¢A current student of De La Salle Unive rsity-Manila under the Business Management program †¢Born November 14, 1989 †¢Youngest among four siblings Marketing and Sales B,C,D market Young and old Filipino food one to 3 years of operations -> exponential Growth after the third year -> Gradual increase this is due to the ecline in demand of the customers Growth and Projection Channels of Distribution Main supplier: Franchisor Provides all raw materials Start up cost: 3,500,000 to 5,000,000 Inclusive of the ff: trade name and propriety marks chic boy business model site assessment, design and construction assistance management manual training programs Procurement program IT support Marketing and Pre and Grand and Post opening assistance Term of the franchise: 7 years Franchise fee: 500,000 Renewal of the contract: 50% of the prevailing franchise fee Royalty fee: 5% of gross sales Marketing and advertising fee: 2% of the gross sales ROI: 2 to 2. 5 years Aguilar. Araneta. Bonite. Piad. Vergara THANK YOU! New business m odel developed by Pier One Bar and Grill Holdings Corp. Combination of the Lechon Manok and Liempo from Cebu and the Chicken Inasal from Bacolod. Opened its first branch in Marikina on September 2008. Currently has: Four branches of Chic-Boy take-out stores. company-owned, 1 franchised. Ten dine-in branches. 1 company-owned, 9 franchised. Business Description and Vision About Chic-Boyâ„ ¢ Marketing and Sales Price Prices are very affordable. Because the target market is the B, C and D the prices that are set will fit in their budget. The class A market can also afford it if they wish to try it out. Prices range from P49 to P99 for individual meals. P100 to P200 for Lechon Manok and Liempo. Product Offers a variety of Filipino cuisine, with a different kind of flare. Can quickly be served. Menu is diverse, customers can choose from a wide range of dishes. Quality and value for the customer’s money.Place Most of the franchises are located in other places of NCR, such as Las Pinas and Mandaluyong. There is only one Chic-boy branch in Paranaque as of now. Owners strategically chose Sucat as the location where they will put their establishment because of the foot traffic. Promotion Reliant on word of mouth for advertising since Chic-boy is new to the market. Franchisor may opt to launch print, TV, and radio advertisements soon, none as of now. Soruce:Chic-Boy Chicken at Baboy. (2010). About Chic-Boy. Retrieved February 22, 2010 from http://www. chic-boy. com. ph/about. html Soruce:Chic-Boy Chicken at Baboy. (2010). Chic-Boy Menu. Retrieved February 22, 2010 fromhttp://www. chic-boy. com. ph/about. html Financial Management